Plant compost, straw compost

Plant compost, straw compost

Materials and ingredients

• - 1 part finely chopped dried straw, approximately 10 kg
• - Raw rice husk / Sintered rice husk 1 part
• - 200 grams urea fertilizer
• - Molasses 100 cc
• - EM 20 cc
• - 10 liters of water

How to do

• - Mix together the straw and rice husks If there is a lot, separate, mix And then come together into a single pile again
• - Mix EM and Molasses together with water. After that, pour, pour and mix with other materials.
• - can be fermented in sacks, bags, sacks or cement ponds for 1-2 months, can be used

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Methods of making bio-fertilizer

Methods of making bio-fertilizer

Bio fertilizer Is a method of composting that has developed For rapid degradation by adding microbes or EM to accelerate the fermentation process Resulting in fertilizer from organic materials that release nutrients faster Divided into various types, including

1. Compost from manure
Materials and ingredients

• - 1 part manure, approximately 10 years
• - Grilled husk / black husk 1 part
• - 1 part dance
• - EM 20 cc
• - Molasses 100 cc
• - 10 liters of water

How to do

• - Mix manure, black rice husk and all materials together
• - Put on a cement floor Then use a veil or if making a small amount To be packed in drums or sacks
• - Marinate for 30 days before putting in trees or vegetable plots.

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Common methods of composting

Common methods of composting

• - Begin by bringing plant debris And manure mixed in a ratio of 100: 10, stacked into layers, consisting of plant fragments that are watered until fully saturated with water And sprinkled with dung
• - Procedure for composting pile Separate non-degradable materials And harmful Then gather materials or plant waste collected on the ground in a pen Or in holes by piles in layers alternately by Beginning from the bottom layer, pile up the waste material or material down to the specified length of the pile, about 25 centimeters high.
• - Water and soak it tightly. Allow water to seep into plant scraps or materials
• - Sprinkled with accelerating substances such as fertilizer, manure or soil in a ratio of vegetable waste to animal waste equal to 5: 1.
• - in the case of using chemical fertilizer To reduce the carbon to nitrogen ratio or to reduce the production period, plants must be used: manure: chemical fertilizer in the ratio of 100: 20: 1, respectively, can be mixed or sprinkled on top of the compost pile.
• - Arranging alternately until the pile is about 1 meter high and sprinkled with soil about 1 inch thick at the top layer to prevent birds from ferreting. Helps prevent heat And keep the moisture of the fertilizer pile stable
• - For fermentation without using chemical fertilizer The fermentation period will ferment for 5-7 months. If combined with chemical fertilizer, will ferment for 3-5 months.

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Compost from food scraps in a plastic bucket

Compost from food scraps in a plastic bucket

How to do

How to make compost from food scraps

1. Prepare a plastic fermentation tank with a lid of 20 liters using hot steel. Drill holes around the tank to be used as a vent. Then wrapped in a net to prevent the flies to lay their eggs and cause annoyance

How to make compost from food scraps

2. Put food fragments, manure, and leaf fragments, each 1 part into the mixing tank, mix thoroughly then close the lid. Initially, no need to add water because food scraps are highly humid If there is more food the next day, mix the manure and leaf fragments in the same ratio Can fit again into the bucket

How to make compost from microbial food waste

3. Mix the ingredients with wood. Mix 1-2 times a day. During the first 3-10 days, heat may occur. Because microbes emit heat to decompose the reaction If the moisture decreases almost dry Should add more water

How to make compost from food scraps

4. Takes about 30 days to get a 40 percent reduction in the amount of compost if the fertilizer is still moisture. Should refrain from sprinkling water and let it dry completely. So that the microbes stop degradation The compost will be dark black, macroporous, smaller, lighter and without a bad odor.

Tips

•     Large communities such as schools, temples, prisons, offices or government buildings There will be a lot of food waste each day. Therefore should use a larger fermenter container May use a suitable size metal tank or modified round plastic cylinder Hole in the lid to allow air to flow. Covered with a grill to prevent flies. Then turn over the food scraps by rolling the bucket back and forth
•     Can use 1 meter diameter cement pond as a composting container Then put the dry leaves Followed by food waste Then put the dried leaves that are digested and overlap again During fermentation, the pile of fertilizer will collapse. Then can take food scraps and dried leaves to be crushed and poured on top of each other continuously. It takes about 30 days to compost

Compost from food scraps, cement ponds

Compost is another type of organic fertilizer obtained from the fermentation of some organic material. By bringing those materials to pile together, water, moist, leaving them to degrade by microbial activities From then to improve the soil Which aside from making compost from food waste in the household There are many organic compost that are easy to find in each locality, so try it. Whether compost from waste materials from mushroom cultivation Bagasse compost Water Hyacinth Compost Earthworm fertilizer, fish compost, bio-fertilizer, etc.

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Make compost from food scraps Easy to use

Make compost from food scraps Easy to use

Households and restaurants tend to have a lot of food waste left from daily consumption and distribution. The method of waste management that most people choose is How to make compost

Collected and put in the bags and wait for the municipal garbage trucks to be dumped. Some come to collect every day. Some come just 1-2 times a week, so the amount of waste accumulates inevitably. Especially if the storage management is not completed Especially causing annoyances and annoyances Finally, it affects the environment. How to make compost

Compost from food waste

One of the options that everyone and every home can do without having to wait for the garbage trucks to be collected is Using food waste to make compost By using degradation from microbes Aside from helping to reduce the cost of hiring for solid waste collection Not a burden to society Do not waste time digging a hole. Also get organic fertilizer to put the plants in the house Helps save one more as well

Composting from food waste consists of 3 main components which are

1. food scraps such as rice scraps, vegetable scraps, fruit peels, egg shells, fishbone, pork scraps, bread, etc. left over from consumption Whether it is a household, a restaurant, a cafeteria or a kitchen, when used to make compost, only the waste part is used. Therefore have to separate the water that is in the food scraps first If the food scraps are large, chop them into smaller sizes.


2. Microbes should be the type that uses oxygen. Will help prevent the bad smell and not cause waste water Microbial sources that are easy to find are animal feces such as cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, goat manure, which has many types and many microbes such as fungi actinomycetes. Actinomycetes help the process of decomposing food waste into compost faster.



3. Leaf fragments help food particles become porous. Not too tight It also contains carbon which is essential for microbial growth and cell production.

Compost, food waste, leaf scraps

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Compost the basket

Compost the basket

The equipment required is fresh or dried leaves or grass, pieces of fruit, vegetables, animal feces.

How to do

•     Is to put the leaf fragments of grass into 3 baskets and sprinkle one part of the manure over the water. Soak the vegetables and fruits together with the leaves as well. Do alternating layers continuously. By watering every floor
•     After that, water it often. Or every other day
•     Every 10 days, plug the hose into the pile of fertilizer vertically, about two-thirds deep, then turn on the water for 10 seconds by inserting the hose all over Make holes about 10 cm apart.
•     Doing this for 2 months will result in compost. Without having to return the pile
•     Pour the fertilizer out of the basket Picking the leaves that have not yet roted down The rest is fertilizer. Bring to dry in the sun. Keep in a bag for use.

A suggestion

•     Should find a basin to support the bottom of the basket To support the water And the water that comes out can be used to water the plants as a good fertilizer, but should not be watered a lot. Because it may cause the plant to die
•     If there is a lot of food scraps, leaf fragments may change to be made in a basket Can also be used in a large mesh

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Make compost in the basin and in the basket

Make compost in the basin and in the basket

In fact, composting is done in many different ways, with materials and equipment that each person can find in their own locality. Including the suitability of the conditions of each area as well

That I would like to specifically mention is the composting process at the household level That each house should have helped to rise up to deal with organic waste in their own homes Whether it's scraps of vegetables, fruit from the kitchen, or scraps of leaves, grass in the garden, instead of dumping into garbage that is not only useful Also creates problems and increases the burden of waste management in the city

The method introduced Bring the knowledge from fb, the composting school doesn't turn over, Mae Jo, where Teacher Lung has tried to compile and write Describe various methods in detail. There are both large and small composting. Both inverted and non-inverted Which composting in the basin and in the basket are 2 techniques that the teacher explained and think that each house should try to do it

1. Compost in the basin

The equipment needed is a basin, scrap of leaves, debris, fruit and manure, or animal manure.

The ratio of the leaves was 1-1.5 parts, fruits and vegetables, 1-1.5 parts, 1 part cow dung.

How to do

•     Mix all the ingredients together. May sprinkle enough water If the water is too wet And can smell bad odors But if you accidentally water too much, you can fix it by lifting the basin to set in the sun to dampen, or use the method to add more leaves or cow dung.
•     During the first 10 days, we can add more food scraps, leaves, manure as according to the ratio.All you have to do is knead, squeeze, squeeze, tear, pile the fertilizer in the basin every day, once a day. If it is dry, then sprinkle water.
•     Doing this for 30 consecutive days will get the compost to use.

The suggestion is to find a mosquito net and insect net to cover. Prevent flies to lay eggs

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