The production of non-simple reversible compost piles

The production of non-simple reversible compost piles

Normally in the farmer's fields, after harvesting, there will be a lot of plant residue left. Normally, farmers will burn them out. To prepare to grow other plants Causing many effects such as smog, toxic fires and forest loss of nutrients in the soil as well Therefore, composting without turning back is another way to help solve the problems of incineration. And also has compost that can be used to improve the soil.

Non-back composting method

          The production of organic fertilizer using the method "Mae Jo 1 Engineering" has a very simple working principle. Raw materials contain only plant waste and animal droppings. The method of making is to take 3 parts of plant waste and 1 part animal manure by placing alternate layers between plant waste and animal manure to the amount of 15-17 layers (1.2-1.5 meters) without covering the pile of fertilizer but need watering to maintain Humidity of the pile of fertilizer every day for 2 months will get high quality compost. Can be used to grow crops

How to properly care for the moisture of the fertilizer pile with 2 steps:

          1. To water outside the pile of fertilizer every morning (If it rains, skip this step)

          2. Keep checking the moisture inside the fertilizer pile. And use a hole in the wood to add water every 10 days

The benefits of composting without turning over the pile

          1. Reduce environmental destruction such as burning forests, reducing smog, reducing global warming

          2. Reduce the cost of plant production, such as reducing the use of chemical fertilizers Resulting in reduced costs

          3. Increase fertility in soil Able to restore life to the soil

          4. Reduce waste in the community

Ways to use compost

          1. Used as a nursery material

          2. Used as a base material before planting holes.

          3. Used as plant fertilizer Increase growth

          4. Used to adjust the soil conditions that have acidic properties.

Prohibition of the production of non-reversible compost piles

          1. Do not step on the fertilizer pile Because it will tighten and there is no air for microbes

          2. Do not put fertilizer under the tree Because the tree will receive heat from the pile of fertilizer

          3. Do not place plant debris too thick Because it will make it difficult to degrade

          4. Do not use plastic to cover the pile

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How to make compost into rice fields

How to make compost into rice fields

Materials / Equipment

• 1. Dry manure 1 pound crushed or finely crushed fertilizer
• 2. Raw rice husk 1 bag of fertilizer
• 3. 1/2 bran, fertilizer bags
• 4. 2 molasses
• 5. 2 glasses of fermented water
• 6. Clean water 10-12 liters

How to do
Mix rice husk manure, mix with molasses, fermented water, clean water, mix then trade manure and raw rice husk. Mix and mix together to keep the moisture at 50%. If you try to grip the fertilizer without any water seeping and forming into lump, it can be used. After that, mix the bran with the fermented fertilizer, leave for 7 days.

Utilization rate
In the rice fields, use 100 kilograms of fertilizer per 1 rai. Use during the stump plowing.
Will help to adjust the soil condition Increase the productivity in rice fields

Fertilizer recommendations
Case of tillage:
Sow 100 kg of compost all over, then mix liquid fertilizer
1 liter of bio-fermented, 1 liter of molasses, 10 liters of water, sprayed all over the floor. Leave for 15 days to allow microbes from bio-fermented water. Help change the weeds. And rice straw to be natural fertilizer and to help speed up germination. After 15 days, mix 1 liter of bio-fermented 1 liter of molasses and 10 liters of water to spray all over the floor. Then plowing to destroy the grass into green manure for 15 days, then plowing the fields for further cultivation

In case of plowing for embroidery:
Bring a mixture of 1 liter of bio-fermented water and 10 liters of water to spray all over the floor. Then plowing for blacking. After planting black 7-15 days, sow the compost all over the plot at the rate of 100 kilograms per 1 rai and spray according to the biological ingredients again. When the rice is 1 month old, sow the compost 400 kilometers per rai. And repeated injections with bio-based ingredients If there are aphids or insect diseases Biological ingredients should be injected every 15 days.

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The process of making compost piles at home

The process of making compost piles at home

1. Container selection Choose a container for your compost. And put the container in a grassy and quite shady garden You should make sure that the container does not have a bottom. Because the compost pile should touch the ground directly And is the right size for members in your home and family You should make sure that the size of the container is suitable for everything you need to eliminate. But shouldn't be too big

2. Lay the base with the branches Stack the tree branches from the bottom of the container a few inches at the bottom to help air dry.

3. Create balance If successful composting is needed, the balance between nitrogen, carbon, water and air must be balanced.

4. Prepare to chop or separate large components. Before adding into the compost heap

5. Good ingredients The best ingredients for composting are dry leaves, manure, fruit, vegetables, bark, crows, coffee, tea leaves, old wine, cat food or dog food. Old spice herbs Shredded newspapers, etc.

6. Things to avoid Should avoid meat Milk and bread that rot and attract insects Or pests, including highly processed food, because it takes a long time to disintegrate

7. Embed if wanting to add anything new Use the method of burying it under the pile rather than placing it on top of the compost pile.

8. Dry the air approximately once a week. You should use a shovel or shovel to mix the materials around and to air a little pile of compost.

9. Watering if you notice that the compost pile is too dry You should water the compost pile to slightly increase the moisture to the compost pile. Especially on a hot day May have to cover the compost pile to maintain moisture.

10. Ready to use. Your compost should be ready to use after a few months. What will be noticed is that if the compost heap turns dark brown

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Standard compost

Standard compost

Good quality compost Standardized, consider the following
1. Fertilizer grade not less than 1: 1: 0.5 (Nitrogen: Phosphorus: Potassium)
2. Moisture and volatile matter is not more than 35-40% by weight
3. Moisture is acid and alkali between 6.0 - 7.5
4. The compost that can be used must not have any heat remaining.
5. The used compost should not contain other impurities.
6. Must have an amount of organic matter between 25 - 50%
7. Must have a ratio between carbon to nitrogen of not more than 20: 1

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Methods of composting are as follows.

Methods of composting are as follows.

 1. Put the sow pattern throughout the plot This type of composting is a good method for soil maintenance due to compost.
Will be distributed evenly throughout the plantations that are not too large Mostly used for growing rice or crops or vegetables, but may have problems in the need to use labor to put compost. The rate of compost used is about 2 tons per rai per year, together with the chemical fertilizer formula 16-20-0, 18-22-0, 20-20-0. If the soil is low fertility, the formula 16- 16-8 at the rate of 15-30 kg per rai

2. Put in rows Line-composting along the crops is often used for field crops.
This method of row composting is suitable to be used in combination with the sprinkling of fertilizers in rows for general field crops. Because compost will increase the efficiency of the chemical fertilizer that is used to benefit the growth of plants. The rate of compost used is about 3 tons per rai per year, in combination with chemical fertilizer formulas 16-20-0, 18-22-0 at the rate of 25-50 kg per rai for the northeast region that is rich. Complete low Fertilizer formulas may also need to add more potassium.

3. Put in a hole Hole composting is often used for fruit and perennial cultivation, which can
Can compost two stages In the first phase of preparing the holes for planting plants Put the soil at the top of the hole and mix with compost then put the bottom of the hole. Or may also add chemical fertilizer For some time, fertilizer may be added during the growth of plants. By digging a groove around the tree along the canopy of the plant Then put compost into the groove and cover it with soil Or may also add chemical fertilizer and compost during this period The rate of use of compost is around 20-50 kg per hole together with chemical fertilizer formulas 15-15-15, 14-14-14, 12-12-7 at the rate of 100-200 grams per hole. Developed fruit trees The usage rate may increase according to And often composting every other year

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Things to keep in mind when composting

Things to keep in mind when composting
1. Do not pile the compost too large Because it will cause scorching heat above 70 degrees Celsius
Which will result in the death of microbes The suitable compost pile size is The width should not exceed 2-3 meters. The length is not limited to approximately 1-1.50 meters in height.
2. If the compost pile is too small Will be able to keep a minimum of heat and moisture
Causing plant debris to decompose slowly into compost
3. Do not drench too much Will cause poor ventilation in the fertilizer pile, may cause some organic acids
Causing a foul-smelling odor
4. If a lot of heat is generated in the compost heap Need to add water to the fertilizer pile Otherwise, microbes that will decompose the plant
5. If using lime Do not use chemical fertilizer at the same time as adding lime, as this will cause nitrogen to decay.
In the case of using rice straw in compost heap, no need to use lime
6. Scrap materials used in compost pile are both fast decomposition type such as rice straw, water hyacinth, peanut shell
And beans, weeds, and weeds that are difficult to disintegrate, such as rice husk, sawdust, rice husks, sugarcane residues, flaky coconuts, corncobs. Therefore, in compost piles, we should not mix debris that is fast and decomposed difficult. Because it will lead to uneven composting as some plant debris is not completely decomposed

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Principles for determining whether compost piles are available or not

Principles for determining whether compost piles are available or not

When the compost pile is finished Will produce both visible and non-visible chemical reactions Which is visible is The pieces of the plant will be smaller and more collapsed than when they start to pile up. The color of the scrap will change. The invisible part is the amount of microbes. Here, we will observe whether compost can be used or not. There are simple observations as follows:


1. The color of the compost pile will be darker than when starting the pile May have dark brown to black.
2. The internal temperature of the compost and the outside temperature are very close or different
3. Use a flattened finger. For example, compost looks at waste and will break apart easily. Not hardened
4. Found plants with deep root systems on the compost pile Shows that the compost decomposes well
5. Observe the smell of compost If the compost is available The compost will smell like natural scent.
If there is a pungent odor or a smell of straw, then the compost still cannot be used. Since the degradation process has not been completed
6. Analyze in the laboratory, look at carbon and nitrogen elements if the ratio is equal or lower than 20: 1
 Then can be considered as compost

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