How to lower blood pressure with medicine divided into 5 groups
1. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are drugs used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure.By inhibiting the enzyme in the body known as this enzyme Will change the substance In the body called Angiotensin I is Angiotension II (which Angiotensin II causes the blood vessels to contract, causing high blood pressure. And stimulate the secretion of Aldosterone, which causes the absorption of sodium salt back into the body in the kidney area). As a result, the amount of the substance causes the opposite effect is Blood vessels will expand. Causing blood pressure to drop
- Reduces the production of substances that cause the blood vessels to contract, Angiotensin II and
- Reduce the dissolution of substances that cause the blood vessels to expand, including substances. Bradykinin
Effects of ACE inhibitors
- Reduce the resistance of Arteriole system
- Causes the veins to expand, increasing the capacity of the venous system (venous capacitance)
- More heart to inject more blood
- Reduce the resistance of the blood vessels to the kidneys (renovascular resistance) to increase blood supply to the kidneys and increase salt excretion in the urine (natriuresis)
- Epidemiology and clinical studies have found that ACE inhibitors also help to reduce kidney failure due to diabetes or insipidus.
2. Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) ARB drugs include losartan, irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan.
- Expand both the veins and arteries. The result is that it will lower blood pressure. And reduce tiredness from a heart attack
- Reduces the stimulation of angiotensin II, reducing the blood pressure.
- Expand the blood vessels in the kidneys, causing the kidneys to expel water and minerals, which will reduce swelling.
- Prevent heart attack Ischemic heart disease
3. Beta-blockers Is a drug that blocks the autonomic nervous system, which can cause blood pressure and decreased motor activity. This drug is suitable for patients with high blood pressure that is found with a sudden perversion. Patients have chest pain from coronary arteries. And also prevents headache from migraine Drugs in this group include atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol.
How does beta blocker work?
The transmission of nerve commands is transmitted by the secretion of chemicals at the nerve endings. And the cells have receptors called receptors. Beta blocker drugs act by protecting against hormones Norepinephrine and epinephrine bind to the receptor at the nerve endings. Norepinephrine and epinephrine hormones are generated from the adrenal glands, which stimulate the heart to squeeze. There are three types of beta blockers:
- Beta-1 (β1) receptors are located in the heart, eyes, kidneys
- beta (β2) receptors are found in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, uterus, blood vessels, muscles
- beta (β3) receptors are located in fat
The action of beta substances
The result is a slower heartbeat. Less compression, distal vein contraction, bronchial contractions In asthma patients, the uterus has contractions.
4. Diuretics. Diuretics are the first to treat high blood pressure. This drug works by expelling salt from the body. Most often used in combination with other drugs. Commonly used drugs are hydrochlorthiazide, furosemide, diuretics that cause high potassium such as Spironolactone, Amiloride, Trimterene Side effects of this drug group are May cause dehydration Low potassium salt High blood cholesterol Blood alkalinity Low sodium salt
5. Calcium channel blockers These drugs will block the inflow of calcium salts causing the heart muscles to contract. Blood pressure drops. Drugs in this group include Amlodipine nifedipine, fellodipine nisoldipine nicardipine.
Prevention of hypertension
Regardless of your race, age, or gender, you can prevent high blood pressure. Or the treatment of high blood pressure without medication by using the following methods called Behavior changes or treatment for high blood pressure without medication, also known as behavior modification. The table shows how to change behavior and lower blood pressure levels.
- Keeping weight under normal conditions If you are fat, quickly lose weight.
- To exercise regularly
- Choose low-salt foods
- To reduce the amount of alcohol to be at an appropriate level
- Abstain from smoking is an effective way to prevent cardiovascular disease.
- Stress management
- Eat quality food by reducing salty foods. Reduce food. It increases vegetables and fruits by eating food, lowering blood pressure.
- Consult a doctor about your current medication because some medications can cause high blood pressure.
- To use birth control pills you must consult a doctor.
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