There are several alternative products for different purposes, such as fertilization and pest and disease control . Therefore, the choice will depend on the crop for which the fertilizer will be destined and the problem that requires the use of a pesticide. In general, organic fertilizers use cattle manure and poultry litter. However, difficult to obtain and high cost, they can present problems of chemical and biological contamination.
Developed by Embrapa Agrobiologia , there is a technology for the production of organic fertilizers and substrates of 100% vegetable origin, which can be accessed by video . To provide resistance to the plants against the attack of parasites and diseases, the technical team of the Experimental Seropedic Station of the Agricultural Research Corporation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Pesagro-Rio) has a formula called agrobio. For the production of 500 liters of biofertilizer, reserve for fermentation for a week the mixture of 200 liters of water, 100 liters of fresh bovine manure, 20 liters of cow's milk, or whey, and 3 kilos of molasses. The broth, which also includes the addition of several other ingredients in a process that takes weeks, can be sprayed in the production of seedlings, leafy vegetables and fruits. If the intention is to combat tomato moth and borer , caterpillar and corn cob caterpillars, apple caterpillar and sugar cane borer , for example, the wasp Trichogramma spp . for biological control. Baculovirus anticarsia is also an option to avoid the incidence of soybean caterpillar; Metarhizium anisopliae , to remove leafhoppers from pastures, ants and ticks; Acremonium sp ., To control the sandpaper of the coconut tree; and Beauveria bassiana , to combat sugar cane and banana borer weevils. Widely used for medicinal purposes and as a pesticide, the neem plant (Azadirachta indica) has an insecticidal action on most insect pests. The mixture of solutions made from garlic and mackerel is intended for the control of cucumber downy mildew.
